How instruments talk to controllers. Each page explains one kind of interface in general terms; the controller’s own pages cover its terminals and settings.
| Signal | Carries | Used by |
|---|---|---|
| 4–20 mA | One reading as a current | Most process instruments; MicroVision EX analog inputs |
| Modbus RTU | Many readings and settings over RS-485 | Smart probes, relay boards, dosing pumps |
| IO-Link | Digital readings and diagnostics, point to point | Level, pressure, and flow sensors |
| Pulse and Contact Inputs | A count, or an open/closed state | Water meters, flow and level switches |